Paras Kumar Mishra, PhD

Associate Professor at University of Nebraska Medical Center


Curriculum vitae



Cellular and Integrative Physiology

University of Nebraska Medical Center



Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1


Journal article


D. Klionsky, A. K. Abdel-Aziz, Sara Abdelfatah, M. Abdellatif, A. Abdoli, S. Abel, H. Abeliovich, Marie H Abildgaard, Y. P. Abudu, A. Acevedo-Arozena, I. Adamopoulos, K. Adeli, T. Adolph, A. Adornetto, E. Aflaki, G. Agam, A. Agarwal, B. Aggarwal, M. Agnello, P. Agostinis, J. Agrewala, A. Agrotis, P. Aguilar, S. T. Ahmad, Zubair M. Ahmed, Ulises Ahumada-Castro, S. Aits, S. Aizawa, Yunus Akkoç, Tonia Akoumianaki, Hafize Aysin Akpinar, A. M. Al-Abd, Lina Al-Akra, A. Al-Gharaibeh, M. Alaoui-Jamali, S. Alberti, E. Alcocer-Gómez, C. Alessandri, M. Ali, M. Alim Al-Bari, S. Aliwaini, Javad Alizadeh, Eugènia Almacellas, A. Almasan, A. Alonso, G. Alonso, N. Altan-Bonnet, D. Altieri, Elida M. C. Álvarez, S. Alves, C. Alves da Costa, Mazen M. Alzaharna, M. Amadio, C. Amantini, C. Amaral, Susanna Ambrosio, A. Amer, Veena Ammanathan, Zhenyi An, S. Andersen, S. Andrabi, M. Andrade-Silva, Allen M. Andres, S. Angelini, D. Ann, Uche C. Anozie, M. Ansari, Pedro Antas, Adam Antebi, Zuriñe Antón, Tahira Anwar, L. Apetoh, N. Apostolova, T. Araki, Y. Araki, Kohei Arasaki, W. Araújo, J. Araya, C. Arden, M. Arevalo, Sandro Arguelles, E. Arias, J. Arikkath, H. Arimoto, Aileen R. Ariosa, D. Armstrong-James, Laetitia Arnauné-Pelloquin, Ángeles Aroca, D. Arroyo, I. Arsov, R. Artero, D. Asaro, M. Aschner, M. Ashrafizadeh, O. Ashur-Fabian, A. Atanasov, Alicia K. Au, P. Auberger, H. Auner, L. Aurelian, R. Autelli, L. Avagliano, Y. Ávalos, Sanja Aveic, C. Aveleira, Tamar Avin-Wittenberg, Yucel Aydin, S. Ayton, S. Ayyadevara, M. Azzopardi, M. Baba, J. Backer, Steven K. Backues, D. Bae, O. Bae, S. Bae, E. Baehrecke, Ahruem Baek, Seung-Hoon Baek, S. H. Baek, G. Bagetta, A. Bagniewska-Zadworna, Hua Bai, J. Bai, X. Bai, Yidong Bai, N. Bairagi, Shounak Baksi, T. Balbi, C. Baldari, W. Balduini, A. Ballabio, M. Ballester, S. Balazadeh, R. Balzan, R. Bandopadhyay, Sreeparna Banerjee, Sulagna Banerjee, Agnes Banreti, Yan Bao, M. Baptista, A. Baracca, C. Barbati, A. Bargiela, D. Barilà, Peter G. Barlow, S. Barmada, E. Barreiro, G. Barreto, J. Bartek, B. Bartel, A. Bartolomé, Gaurav Barve, S. Basagoudanavar, D. Bassham, R. Bast, A. Basu, H. Batoko, I. Batten, E. Baulieu, B. L. Baumgarner, J. Bayry, R. Beale, I. Beau, F. Beaumatin, Luiz R G Bechara, G. Beck, M. Beers, J. Begun, C. Behrends, G. Behrens, R. Bei, Eloy Bejarano, Shai Bel, C. Behl, Amine Belaid, Naïma Belgareh-Touzé, C. Bellarosa, F. Belleudi, Melissa Belló Pérez, R. Bello-Morales, J. O. Beltran, S. Beltrán, D. Benbrook, Mykolas Bendorius, B. Benitez, Irene Benito-Cuesta, Julien Bensalem, M. Berchtold, S. Berezowska, D. Bergamaschi, M. Bergami, A. Bergmann, L. Berliocchi, C. Berlioz-Torrent, Amélie Bernard, L. Berthoux, C. Besirli, Sébastien Besteiro, V. Betin, R. Beyaert, Jelena S. Bezbradica, K. Bhaskar, I. Bhatia-Kiššová, Resham Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharyya, M. Bhuiyan, S. Bhutia, Lanrong Bi, X. Bi, T. Biden, K. Bijian, Viktor A. Billes, N. Binart, C. Bincoletto, Å. Birgisdottir, G. Bjørkøy, G. Blanco, A. Blas-García, J. Błasiak, R. Blomgran, K. Blomgren, J. Blum, Emilio Boada-Romero, Mirta Boban, K. Boesze-Battaglia, Philippe Boeuf, B. Boland, P. Bomont, P. Bonaldo, S. Bonam, L. Bonfili, J. Bonifacino, B. Boone, M. Bootman, M. Bordi, C. Borner, B. Bornhauser, G. Borthakur, J. Bosch, S. Bose, L. Botana, J. Botas, C. Boulanger, M. Boulton, M. Bourdenx, Benjamin Bourgeois, N. Bourke, G. Bousquet, P. Boya, P. Bozhkov, L. Bozi, T. Bozkurt, D. Brackney, C. Brandts, R. Braun, G. Braus, R. Bravo-Sagua, J. M. Bravo-San Pedro, P. Brest, M. Bringer, Alfredo Briones-Herrera, V. Broaddus, P. Brodersen, J. Brodsky, S. Brody, P. Bronson, J. Bronstein, C. N. Brown, Rhoderick E. Brown, P. Brum, J. Brumell, N. Brunetti‐Pierri, D. Bruno, R. Bryson-Richardson, C. Bucci, C. Buchrieser, M. Bueno, L. E. Buitrago‐Molina, Simone Buraschi, S. Buch, J. Buchan, E. Buckingham, H. Budak, M. Budini, G. Bultynck, F. Burada, J. Burgoyne, M. I. Burón, Victor H. Bustos, S. Büttner, Elena Butturini, Aaron Byrd, I. Cabas, Sandra Cabrera-Benitez, K. Cadwell, Jingjing Cai, L. Cai, Qian Cai, M. Cairó, J. Calbet, G. Caldwell, Kim A. Caldwell, J. Call, R. Calvani, A. Calvo, Miguel Calvo-Rubio Barrera, N. O. Câmara, J. Camonis, N. Camougrand, M. Campanella, E. Campbell, François-Xavier Campbell-Valois, S. Campello, I. Campesi, Juliane C Campos, O. Camuzard, J. Cancino, Danilo Candido de Almeida, L. Canesi, I. Caniggia, B. Canonico, C. Cantí, Bin Cao, M. Caraglia, B. Caramés, E. Carchman, E. Cardenal-Muñoz, C. Cárdenas, L. Cárdenas, S. Cardoso, J. Carew, G. Carle, G. Carleton, S. Carloni, D. Carmona-Gutierrez, L. Carneiro, O. Carnevali, Julian M Carosi, S. Carra, A. Carrier, L. Carrier, B. Carroll, A. Carter, A. N. Carvalho, M. Casanova, Caty Casas, J. Casas, Chiara Cassioli, Eliseo F. Castillo, K. Castillo, Sonia Castillo-Lluva, F. Castoldi, M. Castori, A. F. Castro, M. Castro-Caldas, J. Castro-Hernandez, S. Castro-Obregón, S. Catz, C. Cavadas, F. Cavaliere, G. Cavallini, M. Cavinato, M. Cayuela, Paula Cebollada Rica, V. Cecarini, F. Cecconi, M. Cechowska-Pasko, S. Cenci, V. Ceperuelo-Mallafré, J. Cerqueira, J. Cerutti, D. Cervia, V. Cetintas, S. Cetrullo, H. Chae, A. Chagin, C. Chai, Gopal Chakrabarti, Oishee Chakrabarti, T. Chakraborty, T. Chakraborty, Mounia Chami, G. Chamilos, D. Chan, Edmond Y. W. Chan, E. Chan, H. Chan, H. H. Chan, H. Chan, M. Chan, Y. Chan, Partha K. Chandra, Chih-Peng Chang, Chunmei Chang, Hao-Chun Chang, K. Chang, J. Chao, T. Chapman, N. Charlet-Berguerand, S. Chatterjee, S. K. Chaube, A. Chaudhary, S. Chauhan, E. Chaum, F. Checler, M. Cheetham, Chang-Shi Chen, Guang-Chao Chen, Jian-Fu Chen, Liam Chen, Leilei Chen, Lin Chen, Mingliang Chen, Mu-Kuan Chen, Ning Chen, Quan Chen, Ruey-Hwa Chen, Shi Chen, Wei Chen, Weiqiang Chen, Xinming Chen, Xiong Chen, Xu Chen, Yan Chen, Ye-Guang Chen, Yingyu Chen, Yongqiang Chen, Yu-Jen Chen, Yue‐Qin Chen, Z. Chen, Zhi Chen, Zhihua Chen, Zhijian J. Chen, Zhixiang Chen, Hanhua Cheng, Jun Cheng, Shi-Yuan Cheng, W. Cheng, Xiaodong Cheng, Xiu-Tang Cheng, Yiyun Cheng, Zhiyong Cheng, Zhong Chen, H. Cheong, J. K. Cheong, B. Chernyak, S. Cherry, C. F. Cheung, C. Cheung, K. Cheung, É. Chevet, Richard J. Chi, A. Chiang, F. Chiaradonna, R. Chiarelli, M. Chiariello, Nathalia Chica, S. Chiocca, M. Chiong, S. Chiou, Abhilash I. Chiramel, V. Chiurchiù, D. Cho, Seong-Kyu Choe, A. Choi, Mary E. Choi, Kamalika Roy Choudhury, Norman S. Chow, C. Chu, Jason P. Chua, J. J. Chua, Hyewon Chung, Kin Pan Chung, Seockhoon Chung, So-Hyang Chung, Yuen-Li Chung, V. Cianfanelli, I. Ciechomska, M. Cifuentes, Laura Cinque, S. Çırak, M. Cirone, M. J. Clague, R. Clarke, E. Clementi, E. Coccia, P. Codogno, E. Cohen, Mickael M. Cohen, T. Colasanti, Fiorella Colasuonno, R. Colbert, A. Colell, M. Čolić, N. Coll, M. Collins, M. Colombo, Daniel A. Colón-Ramos
Autophagy, 2021

Semantic Scholar DOI PubMed
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APA   Click to copy
Klionsky, D., Abdel-Aziz, A. K., Abdelfatah, S., Abdellatif, M., Abdoli, A., Abel, S., … Colón-Ramos, D. A. (2021). Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1. Autophagy.


Chicago/Turabian   Click to copy
Klionsky, D., A. K. Abdel-Aziz, Sara Abdelfatah, M. Abdellatif, A. Abdoli, S. Abel, H. Abeliovich, et al. “Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy (4th Edition)1.” Autophagy (2021).


MLA   Click to copy
Klionsky, D., et al. “Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy (4th Edition)1.” Autophagy, 2021.


BibTeX   Click to copy

@article{d2021a,
  title = {Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Autophagy},
  author = {Klionsky, D. and Abdel-Aziz, A. K. and Abdelfatah, Sara and Abdellatif, M. and Abdoli, A. and Abel, S. and Abeliovich, H. and Abildgaard, Marie H and Abudu, Y. P. and Acevedo-Arozena, A. and Adamopoulos, I. and Adeli, K. and Adolph, T. and Adornetto, A. and Aflaki, E. and Agam, G. and Agarwal, A. and Aggarwal, B. and Agnello, M. and Agostinis, P. and Agrewala, J. and Agrotis, A. and Aguilar, P. and Ahmad, S. T. and Ahmed, Zubair M. and Ahumada-Castro, Ulises and Aits, S. and Aizawa, S. and Akkoç, Yunus and Akoumianaki, Tonia and Akpinar, Hafize Aysin and Al-Abd, A. M. and Al-Akra, Lina and Al-Gharaibeh, A. and Alaoui-Jamali, M. and Alberti, S. and Alcocer-Gómez, E. and Alessandri, C. and Ali, M. and Al-Bari, M. Alim and Aliwaini, S. and Alizadeh, Javad and Almacellas, Eugènia and Almasan, A. and Alonso, A. and Alonso, G. and Altan-Bonnet, N. and Altieri, D. and Álvarez, Elida M. C. and Alves, S. and da Costa, C. Alves and Alzaharna, Mazen M. and Amadio, M. and Amantini, C. and Amaral, C. and Ambrosio, Susanna and Amer, A. and Ammanathan, Veena and An, Zhenyi and Andersen, S. and Andrabi, S. and Andrade-Silva, M. and Andres, Allen M. and Angelini, S. and Ann, D. and Anozie, Uche C. and Ansari, M. and Antas, Pedro and Antebi, Adam and Antón, Zuriñe and Anwar, Tahira and Apetoh, L. and Apostolova, N. and Araki, T. and Araki, Y. and Arasaki, Kohei and Araújo, W. and Araya, J. and Arden, C. and Arevalo, M. and Arguelles, Sandro and Arias, E. and Arikkath, J. and Arimoto, H. and Ariosa, Aileen R. and Armstrong-James, D. and Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia and Aroca, Ángeles and Arroyo, D. and Arsov, I. and Artero, R. and Asaro, D. and Aschner, M. and Ashrafizadeh, M. and Ashur-Fabian, O. and Atanasov, A. and Au, Alicia K. and Auberger, P. and Auner, H. and Aurelian, L. and Autelli, R. and Avagliano, L. and Ávalos, Y. and Aveic, Sanja and Aveleira, C. and Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar and Aydin, Yucel and Ayton, S. and Ayyadevara, S. and Azzopardi, M. and Baba, M. and Backer, J. and Backues, Steven K. and Bae, D. and Bae, O. and Bae, S. and Baehrecke, E. and Baek, Ahruem and Baek, Seung-Hoon and Baek, S. H. and Bagetta, G. and Bagniewska-Zadworna, A. and Bai, Hua and Bai, J. and Bai, X. and Bai, Yidong and Bairagi, N. and Baksi, Shounak and Balbi, T. and Baldari, C. and Balduini, W. and Ballabio, A. and Ballester, M. and Balazadeh, S. and Balzan, R. and Bandopadhyay, R. and Banerjee, Sreeparna and Banerjee, Sulagna and Banreti, Agnes and Bao, Yan and Baptista, M. and Baracca, A. and Barbati, C. and Bargiela, A. and Barilà, D. and Barlow, Peter G. and Barmada, S. and Barreiro, E. and Barreto, G. and Bartek, J. and Bartel, B. and Bartolomé, A. and Barve, Gaurav and Basagoudanavar, S. and Bassham, D. and Bast, R. and Basu, A. and Batoko, H. and Batten, I. and Baulieu, E. and Baumgarner, B. L. and Bayry, J. and Beale, R. and Beau, I. and Beaumatin, F. and Bechara, Luiz R G and Beck, G. and Beers, M. and Begun, J. and Behrends, C. and Behrens, G. and Bei, R. and Bejarano, Eloy and Bel, Shai and Behl, C. and Belaid, Amine and Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma and Bellarosa, C. and Belleudi, F. and Pérez, Melissa Belló and Bello-Morales, R. and Beltran, J. O. and Beltrán, S. and Benbrook, D. and Bendorius, Mykolas and Benitez, B. and Benito-Cuesta, Irene and Bensalem, Julien and Berchtold, M. and Berezowska, S. and Bergamaschi, D. and Bergami, M. and Bergmann, A. and Berliocchi, L. and Berlioz-Torrent, C. and Bernard, Amélie and Berthoux, L. and Besirli, C. and Besteiro, Sébastien and Betin, V. and Beyaert, R. and Bezbradica, Jelena S. and Bhaskar, K. and Bhatia-Kiššová, I. and Bhattacharya, Resham and Bhattacharya, S. and Bhattacharyya, S. and Bhuiyan, M. and Bhutia, S. and Bi, Lanrong and Bi, X. and Biden, T. and Bijian, K. and Billes, Viktor A. and Binart, N. and Bincoletto, C. and Birgisdottir, Å. and Bjørkøy, G. and Blanco, G. and Blas-García, A. and Błasiak, J. and Blomgran, R. and Blomgren, K. and Blum, J. and Boada-Romero, Emilio and Boban, Mirta and Boesze-Battaglia, K. and Boeuf, Philippe and Boland, B. and Bomont, P. and Bonaldo, P. and Bonam, S. and Bonfili, L. and Bonifacino, J. and Boone, B. and Bootman, M. and Bordi, M. and Borner, C. and Bornhauser, B. and Borthakur, G. and Bosch, J. and Bose, S. and Botana, L. and Botas, J. and Boulanger, C. and Boulton, M. and Bourdenx, M. and Bourgeois, Benjamin and Bourke, N. and Bousquet, G. and Boya, P. and Bozhkov, P. and Bozi, L. and Bozkurt, T. and Brackney, D. and Brandts, C. and Braun, R. and Braus, G. and Bravo-Sagua, R. and Pedro, J. M. Bravo-San and Brest, P. and Bringer, M. and Briones-Herrera, Alfredo and Broaddus, V. and Brodersen, P. and Brodsky, J. and Brody, S. and Bronson, P. and Bronstein, J. and Brown, C. N. and Brown, Rhoderick E. and Brum, P. and Brumell, J. and Brunetti‐Pierri, N. and Bruno, D. and Bryson-Richardson, R. and Bucci, C. and Buchrieser, C. and Bueno, M. and Buitrago‐Molina, L. E. and Buraschi, Simone and Buch, S. and Buchan, J. and Buckingham, E. and Budak, H. and Budini, M. and Bultynck, G. and Burada, F. and Burgoyne, J. and Burón, M. I. and Bustos, Victor H. and Büttner, S. and Butturini, Elena and Byrd, Aaron and Cabas, I. and Cabrera-Benitez, Sandra and Cadwell, K. and Cai, Jingjing and Cai, L. and Cai, Qian and Cairó, M. and Calbet, J. and Caldwell, G. and Caldwell, Kim A. and Call, J. and Calvani, R. and Calvo, A. and Barrera, Miguel Calvo-Rubio and Câmara, N. O. and Camonis, J. and Camougrand, N. and Campanella, M. and Campbell, E. and Campbell-Valois, François-Xavier and Campello, S. and Campesi, I. and Campos, Juliane C and Camuzard, O. and Cancino, J. and de Almeida, Danilo Candido and Canesi, L. and Caniggia, I. and Canonico, B. and Cantí, C. and Cao, Bin and Caraglia, M. and Caramés, B. and Carchman, E. and Cardenal-Muñoz, E. and Cárdenas, C. and Cárdenas, L. and Cardoso, S. and Carew, J. and Carle, G. and Carleton, G. and Carloni, S. and Carmona-Gutierrez, D. and Carneiro, L. and Carnevali, O. and Carosi, Julian M and Carra, S. and Carrier, A. and Carrier, L. and Carroll, B. and Carter, A. and Carvalho, A. N. and Casanova, M. and Casas, Caty and Casas, J. and Cassioli, Chiara and Castillo, Eliseo F. and Castillo, K. and Castillo-Lluva, Sonia and Castoldi, F. and Castori, M. and Castro, A. F. and Castro-Caldas, M. and Castro-Hernandez, J. and Castro-Obregón, S. and Catz, S. and Cavadas, C. and Cavaliere, F. and Cavallini, G. and Cavinato, M. and Cayuela, M. and Rica, Paula Cebollada and Cecarini, V. and Cecconi, F. and Cechowska-Pasko, M. and Cenci, S. and Ceperuelo-Mallafré, V. and Cerqueira, J. and Cerutti, J. and Cervia, D. and Cetintas, V. and Cetrullo, S. and Chae, H. and Chagin, A. and Chai, C. and Chakrabarti, Gopal and Chakrabarti, Oishee and Chakraborty, T. and Chakraborty, T. and Chami, Mounia and Chamilos, G. and Chan, D. and Chan, Edmond Y. W. and Chan, E. and Chan, H. and Chan, H. H. and Chan, H. and Chan, M. and Chan, Y. and Chandra, Partha K. and Chang, Chih-Peng and Chang, Chunmei and Chang, Hao-Chun and Chang, K. and Chao, J. and Chapman, T. and Charlet-Berguerand, N. and Chatterjee, S. and Chaube, S. K. and Chaudhary, A. and Chauhan, S. and Chaum, E. and Checler, F. and Cheetham, M. and Chen, Chang-Shi and Chen, Guang-Chao and Chen, Jian-Fu and Chen, Liam and Chen, Leilei and Chen, Lin and Chen, Mingliang and Chen, Mu-Kuan and Chen, Ning and Chen, Quan and Chen, Ruey-Hwa and Chen, Shi and Chen, Wei and Chen, Weiqiang and Chen, Xinming and Chen, Xiong and Chen, Xu and Chen, Yan and Chen, Ye-Guang and Chen, Yingyu and Chen, Yongqiang and Chen, Yu-Jen and Chen, Yue‐Qin and Chen, Z. and Chen, Zhi and Chen, Zhihua and Chen, Zhijian J. and Chen, Zhixiang and Cheng, Hanhua and Cheng, Jun and Cheng, Shi-Yuan and Cheng, W. and Cheng, Xiaodong and Cheng, Xiu-Tang and Cheng, Yiyun and Cheng, Zhiyong and Chen, Zhong and Cheong, H. and Cheong, J. K. and Chernyak, B. and Cherry, S. and Cheung, C. F. and Cheung, C. and Cheung, K. and Chevet, É. and Chi, Richard J. and Chiang, A. and Chiaradonna, F. and Chiarelli, R. and Chiariello, M. and Chica, Nathalia and Chiocca, S. and Chiong, M. and Chiou, S. and Chiramel, Abhilash I. and Chiurchiù, V. and Cho, D. and Choe, Seong-Kyu and Choi, A. and Choi, Mary E. and Choudhury, Kamalika Roy and Chow, Norman S. and Chu, C. and Chua, Jason P. and Chua, J. J. and Chung, Hyewon and Chung, Kin Pan and Chung, Seockhoon and Chung, So-Hyang and Chung, Yuen-Li and Cianfanelli, V. and Ciechomska, I. and Cifuentes, M. and Cinque, Laura and Çırak, S. and Cirone, M. and Clague, M. J. and Clarke, R. and Clementi, E. and Coccia, E. and Codogno, P. and Cohen, E. and Cohen, Mickael M. and Colasanti, T. and Colasuonno, Fiorella and Colbert, R. and Colell, A. and Čolić, M. and Coll, N. and Collins, M. and Colombo, M. and Colón-Ramos, Daniel A.}
}

Abstract

ABSTRACT In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.


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